Positive commandment · Mitzvat Aseh #227 of 613
For a court to execute by strangulation
להיות בית דין הורגין בחנק
The verse · Vayikra 20:10
וְאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר יִנְאַף אֶת־אֵשֶׁת אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר יִנְאַף אֶת־אֵשֶׁת רֵעֵהוּ מוֹת־יוּמַת הַנֹּאֵף וְהַנֹּאָפֶת
“And the man that commits adultery with another man’s wife, that commits adultery with his neighbour’s wife, the adulterer and the adulteress shall surely be put to death.”
The Rambam’s words
For a court to execute by strangulation, as [Leviticus 20:10] states: "The adulterer and the adulteress shall die."
להיות בית דין הורגין בחנק, שנאמר: "מות יומת הנואף, והנואפת" (ויקרא כ,י).
Why · Sefer HaChinuch #47
The commandment on the court (beit din) to kill with strangulation one who is liable
“The root of this commandment is revealed to all, as “by justice a king sustains the land.” As were it not for the fear of judgment, people would kill one another.”
Who & when
“And this commandment is only practiced in the Land [of Israel], since we only judge capital cases in the Land.”
Where in the Mishneh Torah
Hilchot The Sanhedrin and the Penalties within Their Jurisdiction הלכות סנהדרין והעונשין המסורין להם